ECHA Proposes EU‑Wide Restrictions on Hexavalent Chromium (Cr(VI)) to Safeguard Health

New REACH restriction targets up to 12 Cr(VI) compounds—including barium chromate—with exemptions in essential industrial processes, aiming to prevent environmental emissions and reduce cancer risk.

The European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) has proposed EU-wide restrictions on hexavalent chromium substances under REACH, aiming to cut emissions by 17 tonnes/year and prevent ~195 cancer cases annually, with consultation starting 18 June 2025.

In a landmark move, ECHA (European Chemicals Agency) has proposed sweeping restrictions on hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI))—a recognized carcinogen—across the EU. The initiative stems from a European Commission mandate aimed at safeguarding both workers and nearby communities from harmful exposure.

On 29 April 2025, ECHA submitted a draft Annex XV REACH restriction covering at least 12 Cr(VI) substances including chromium trioxide, chromic acids (entries 16–22, 28–31), and notably barium chromate—included to prevent regrettable substitution. These substances have been linked to increased risks of lung and intestinal cancer via workplace inhalation and environmental contamination.

Scope & Exemptions

ECHA proposes a near-ban on Cr(VI), with essential industrial exemptions permitted under strict exposure and emission limits. Exempted uses include: Formulation of mixtures

• Electroplating on plastic or metal substrates
  
• Use of primers and slurries
  
• Surface treatments
  
• Functional additives or process aids
  

This aligns with existing authorisation frameworks in REACH but ensures tailored, enforceable limits on occupational and environmental impact.

Public Health Impact

ECHA estimates the restriction could prevent up to 17 tonnes of Cr(VI) emissions annually, potentially averting approximately 195 cancer cases each year. Over 20 years, the regulation’s monetised benefits are projected between €331 million and €1.07 billion, depending on the chosen restriction option.

Next Steps & Public Consultation

A six-month public consultation is set to begin on 18 June 2025, offering stakeholders—including NGOs, industry, and public health experts—a platform to submit data and alternatives. ECHA will also host an online info session to guide participation. Scientific scrutiny and impact evaluation will be conducted by ECHA’s RAC and SEAC committees, before final adoption by the EU Commission in coordination with member states.

What this means for industry & public health:

• Manufacturers must review and prepare technical data on Cr(VI) use and explore safer alternatives.
  
• Health authorities could see a long-term decrease in occupational cancers.
  
• Environmental agencies may enforce tighter emissions standards under Annex XVII of REACH.